South Korean Company Indicted for Theft of Trade Secrets ...

Yesterday, Kolon Industries Inc. and several of its executives and employees were indicted for allegedly engaging in a multi-year campaign to steal trade secrets related to DuPont?s Kevlar para-aramid fiber and Teijin Limited?s Twaron para-aramid fiber.?The charges were announced today by U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia Neil H. MacBride; Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer of the Justice Department?s Criminal Division; and Jeffrey C. Mazanec, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI?s Richmond Field Office.

Headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, Kolon was indicted by a grand jury in Richmond, Virginia. ?The indictment charges Kolon with one count of conspiring to convert trade secrets, four counts of theft of trade secrets, and one count of obstruction of justice.?The indictment further seeks forfeiture of at least $225 million in proceeds from the alleged theft of trade secrets.

In addition to the corporation itself, the following Kolon executives and employees from Seoul were charged with conspiring together to steal trade secrets and obstruction of justice for deleting information from their computers:

• Jong-Hyun Choi, 56, was a senior executive overseeing the Heracron Business Team. He allegedly met with other top executives at Kolon to develop the directives to secure consultants and directly participated in carrying out the directives.
• In-Sik Han, 50, managed Kolon?s research and development related to Heracron and was allegedly responsible for overseeing the ?consulting? sessions with ex-DuPont employees.
• Kyeong-Hwan Rho, 47, worked for Kolon for more than 25 years and served as the head of the Heracron Technical Team beginning in January 2008. He allegedly participated in the consulting sessions.
• Young-Soo Seo, 48, reported to Choi and served as the general manager for the Heracron Business Team beginning in November 2006. He allegedly participated in the consulting sessions.
• Ju-Wan Kim, 40, was a manager on the Heracron Business Team from September 2007 through February 2009 and reported to Seo. He was the main point of contact at Kolon for at least one of the ex-DuPont employees. He also participated in the consulting sessions.

The conspiracy and theft of trade secrets counts each carry a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison and a fine of $250,000 or twice the gross gain or loss for individual defendants and a fine of $5 million or twice the gross gain or loss for the corporate defendant. The obstruction of justice count carries a maximum penalty of 20 years in prison and a fine of $250,000 or twice the gross gain or loss for individual defendants and a fine of $500,000 or twice the gross gain or loss for the corporate defendant.

?Kolon is accused of engaging in a massive industrial espionage campaign that allowed it to bring Heracron quickly to the market and compete directly with Kevlar,? said U.S. Attorney MacBride. ?This country?s greatest asset is the innovation and the ingenuity and creativity of the American people. The genius of free enterprise is that companies compete on the excellence of their ideas, products, and services?not on theft. This indictment should send a strong message to companies located in the United States and around the world that industrial espionage is not a business strategy.?

?By allegedly conspiring to steal DuPont?s and Teijin?s intellectual property, Kolon threatened to undermine an economic engine at both companies,? said Assistant Attorney General Breuer. ?Developing Kevlar and Twaron was resource-intensive work and required strategic investment and ingenuity. Kolon, through its executives and employees, allegedly acted brazenly to profit off the backs of others. The Justice Department has made fighting intellectual property crime a top priority, and we will continue to aggressively prosecute IP crimes all over the country.?

?It?s critical that law enforcement aggressively investigate crimes of intellectual property theft, such as this one,? said FBI Special Agent in Charge Mazanec. ?If not, intellectual creativity and our economy will be compromised. As a member of the Department of Justice Task Force on Intellectual Property, our office will investigate any company, domestic or international, that steals confidential proprietary information for their own benefit. We will pursue those that prey on the originality and vision of hardworking businesses who conduct their own research, obtain patents, and market a successful product.?

In an attempt to defend the company, as well as distance the company and its executives from any wrongdoing, Kolon issued a press release earlier today denying the charges and promising a vigorous defense. ?The press release explained that the company ?takes the allegations made today by the U.S. Department of Justice (?DOJ?) very seriously and will defend vigorously against the charges relating to alleged trade secrets concerning DuPont?s and Teijin?s aramid fiber products.? ?The press release went on to accuse the Department of Justice with unfairly damaging the company?s reputation and impugning its own intellectual property and development efforts. ?The company expressed concern that??DOJ?s allegations undermined its freedom to benefit customers through legitimate competition in the United States and elsewhere.?

?It?s always unfortunate when companies like DuPont resort to trade secret litigation to attempt to block legitimate competition, particularly in an area of technology that is four decades old. DuPont?s aramid fiber technology is the subject of hundreds of expired patents that have been in the public domain for dozens of years for any competitor to use legitimately. It is disturbing that the DOJ would bring charges that effectively assist DuPont in improperly extending its monopoly over aramid fiber technology beyond the limited term provided by the U.S. patent laws,? says Jeff Randall of Paul Hastings LLP, counsel for Kolon. ?DuPont reaped the benefits of monopoly power to the extent permitted by law, including higher prices to consumers of aramid fiber products, for the duration of its patent coverage. Now that DuPont?s key patents have expired, competitive products such as Kolon?s Heracron? should be free to compete on the merits to the benefit of consumers in the United States and internationally,? he continued.

?Often in legitimate trade secret disputes involving the government, prosecutors will bring a criminal case, which then eliminates the need for any subsequent civil case,? Randall continued. ?That?s not what happened here. Despite its ongoing investigation since June 2007, the DOJ initially opted not to prosecute Kolon, and instead allowed DuPont to engage Kolon in more than three and a half years of civil litigation. That raises significant questions as to what DOJ now seeks to accomplish, particularly given that the legitimacy of DuPont?s civil verdict soon will be tested on appeal,? added Randall.

Factually, the dispute centers around Kolon?s product called Heracron, which is a recent entrant into the para-aramid fiber market as a competitor to products called Kevlar and Twaron. Para-aramid fibers are used to make, for example, body armor, fiberoptic cables, and automotive and industrial products. Kevlar is produced by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (DuPont), one of the largest chemical companies in the United States. For decades, Kevlar has competed against Twaron, a para-aramid fiber product produced by Teijin Limited, one of the largest chemical companies in Japan.

According to the indictment, from July 2002 through February 2009, Kolon allegedly sought to improve its Heracron product by targeting current and former employees at DuPont and Teijin and hiring them to serve as consultants, then asking these consultants to reveal information that was confidential and proprietary.

The indictment alleges that in July 2002, Kolon obtained confidential information related to an aspect of DuPont?s manufacturing process for Kevlar, and within three years, Kolon had replicated it. This successful misappropriation of DuPont?s confidential information, the indictment alleges, spurred Kolon leadership to develop a multi-phase plan in November 2005 to secure additional trade secret information from its competitors by targeting people with knowledge of both pre-1990 para-aramid technology and post-1990 technologies.

Kolon is alleged to have retained at least five former DuPont employees as consultants. Kolon allegedly met with these people individually on multiple occasions from 2006 through 2008 to solicit and obtain sensitive, proprietary information that included details about DuPont?s manufacturing processes for Kevlar, experiment results, blueprints and designs, prices paid to suppliers, and new fiber technology. In cases where the consultants could not answer Kolon?s specific and detailed questions, Kolon allegedly requested the consultants to obtain the information from current employees at DuPont.

The indictment alleges that during a meeting with one consultant, a Kolon employee surreptitiously copied information from a CD the former DuPont employee had brought with him that contained numerous confidential DuPont business documents, including a detailed breakdown of DuPont?s capabilities and costs for the full line of its Kevlar products, customer pricing information, analyses of market trends, and strategies for specific Kevlar submarkets. This wealth of information was allegedly copied and dispersed among several Kolon executives and employees, and the indictment alleges that many of these documents and others associated with the consultants were deleted by the Kolon executives and employees after DuPont filed a civil suit against Kolon in 2009.

Kolon also is accused of attempting to recruit a former employee of a Teijin subsidiary, Teijin Twaron, who reported the requests for trade secret information to Teijin Twaron. Legal representatives from Teijin Twaron sent a letter to Kolon in January 2008 demanding that Kolon cease and desist from seeking to obtain trade secrets related to Twaron. After this incident, the indictment alleges that Kolon continued to try to obtain trade secrets but took additional steps to attempt to avoid detection of its actions.

The indictment alleges that, in August 2008, Kolon employees met with a current DuPont employee in a hotel room in Richmond and discussed how the DuPont employee could provide trade secrets to Kolon without leaving evidence.

The case is being prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorneys Timothy D. Belevetz and Kosta S. Stojilkovic of the U.S. Attorney?s Office for the Eastern District of Virginia?s Financial Crimes and Public Corruption Unit and Trial Attorney John W. Borchert of the Criminal Division?s Fraud Section and Senior Counsel Rudolfo Orjales of the Criminal Division?s Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section.?The FBI?s Richmond Field Office is investigating this case.

This case is part of efforts being undertaken by the Department of Justice Task Force on Intellectual Property (IP Task Force) to stop the theft of intellectual property.

Source: http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2012/10/19/south-korean-company-indicted-for-theft-of-trade-secrets/id=29046/

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Scout abuse files release sparks public interest

In a Tuesday, Oct., 16, 2012 photo, Portland attorney Kelly Clark examines some of the 14,500 pages of previously confidential documents created by the Boy Scouts of America concerning child sexual abuse within the organization, in preparation for releasing the documents Thursday, Oct. 18, as he stands in his office in Portland, Ore. The Boy Scouts of America fought to keep those files confidential. (AP Photo/Greg Wahl-Stephens)

In a Tuesday, Oct., 16, 2012 photo, Portland attorney Kelly Clark examines some of the 14,500 pages of previously confidential documents created by the Boy Scouts of America concerning child sexual abuse within the organization, in preparation for releasing the documents Thursday, Oct. 18, as he stands in his office in Portland, Ore. The Boy Scouts of America fought to keep those files confidential. (AP Photo/Greg Wahl-Stephens)

In a Tuesday, Oct., 16, 2012 photo, Portland attorney Kelly Clark examines some of the 14,500 pages of previously confidential documents created by the Boy Scouts of America concerning child sexual abuse within the organization, in preparation for releasing the documents Thursday, Oct. 18, as he stands in his office in Portland, Ore. The Boy Scouts of America fought to keep those files confidential. (AP Photo/Greg Wahl-Stephens)

PORTLAND, Ore. (AP) ? A website with files showing the Boy Scouts of America's cover-up of decades of sexual abuse is generating interest from people wanting to know who the alleged abusers are and whether people who molested them as Scouts are in the files.

Release of the files has also prompted a debate on the Boy Scouts' Facebook page. Some people said they'd never allow their children to be involved in the organization and criticized the secrecy of the files. Others described positive experiences in the Scouts for themselves or their children, saying the organization's efforts to prevent abuse have improved significantly.

The 14,500 pages of Scout files, from 1959-1985, were posted Thursday on the website of Kelly Clark, the Portland attorney who used the files as evidence in a 2010 lawsuit he won against the Scouts.

The website got more than 200,000 hits within the first few hours of the files' posting, crashing the site.

Clark said his firm has received about four dozen emails from people about the documents. About half came from people who say they were abused when they were in the Scouts and were interested in filing lawsuits.

Some of the emails have given details about alleged abuse, Clark said.

There are also emails from people who tell of other alleged perpetrators who are not in the files.

"We had many people say thank you for posting the documents," Clark said.

At least six people have contacted reporters for The Associated Press with questions about reporting sex abuse when they were in the Scouts. None agreed to speak to the AP on the record.

The Scouts have said they plan to review every file from 1965 to the present and, in cases where it's unclear whether the incident was reported to police, the Scouts said they'll contact authorities.

Deron Smith, spokesman for the Scouts, said Thursday the organization is currently looking through those files to find cases of "good-faith suspicions" so they can be reported to police. The Scout files are filled with unsubstantiated allegations.

In their own review of the files that were released on Thursday, the Scouts found that law enforcement had been involved in about two-thirds of the cases. The organization is going through the remainder to find cases where there seem to be good reasons to alert law authorities.

The Scouts have apologized for not following up. The files were created for the purpose of registering Scout leaders, Smith said, and were considered internal, confidential documents, which is why they weren't always shared with authorities.

Attorney Paul Mones, Clark's colleague, said uploading the files "democratized" information that was only available to lawyers and the Scouts.

"It's a testament to the new generation of communication," Mones said.

The files have been maintained by the Scouts since soon after their founding in 1910. They consist of memos from local and national Scout executives, handwritten letters from victims and their parents and newspaper clippings about legal cases.

The files contain details about proven molesters, but also unsubstantiated allegations. People paging through the files would find both. Clark says there are undoubtedly some people in the files who were wrongly accused, and the Scouts point out that many cases of abuse were dealt with properly.

For those who say they were molested, statutes of limitations in most states would prevent many people from filing lawsuits or criminal charges, Clark said. But in some cases ? like a first-degree sexual assault in New York ? the state has set no time limit.

Legal experts say that aside from the statute of limitations, it could be difficult to bring charges against suspected molesters in the files because victims need to be found, and they need to be persuaded to give evidence.

"Trying to prosecute a case that old, you need to have a willing victim," said Josh Marquis, district attorney for Clatsop County in Oregon.

Victims of abuse years ago may be unwilling to come forward because it would create upheaval in their lives, Marquis said.

With the files now available, law enforcement and the public can do their own checking, something David Clohessy, director of the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests, said should have been available to those groups all along.

"The Scouts have got to expose, list and severely punish every former employee or volunteer who ignored or concealed child sex crimes," Clohessy said. "Nothing will have a quicker and more long-lasting impact of changing the culture of recklessness and secrecy."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2012-10-20-US-Scout-Files-Reaction/id-d20486cabb2046f4a1e7f2ed044ba2d6

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Stellar duo target Ohio's working class for Obama

PARMA, Ohio (AP) ? Lest anyone forget the importance of Ohio's white, working-class voters, President Barack Obama sent a clear reminder on Thursday.

Make that two reminders: Bill (Clinton) and The Boss (Bruce Springsteen), two aging baby boomers still at the top of their game.

"No retreat, believe me, no surrender," Springsteen sang, performing without the backing of his E Street Band in a darkened gymnasium lit by a spotlight. The lyrics seemed aimed both at the president and his supporters.

With less than three weeks until Election Day, Clinton and Springsteen took the stage to rally support for Obama among the critical middle-class voting bloc in this tightly contested Midwestern swing state.

"For 30 years, I've been writing about the divide between the American dream and the American reality," Springsteen said. "Our vote is the one principal way we get to determine that distance."

Clinton implored voters to reward Obama for bailing out the auto industry, which has deep roots in Ohio.

"When you were down, you were out, and your whole economy was threatened, the president had your back," said the former president and a top surrogate for Obama.

Ohio is at the center of both Obama and Republican Mitt Romney's campaign strategies. Winning the state would put Obama on the brink of the 270 Electoral College votes required to win the White House. Romney, who has fewer pathways to victory than the president, almost certainly needs Ohio's 18 electoral votes if he hopes to claim victory.

Both campaigns are paying special attention to Ohio's working class ? many of whom are white and don't have a college degree. They've made up about half of voters in the state in each of the last two presidential elections.

And they were well-represented among the 3,000 people packed into a community college gymnasium for the Clinton-Springsteen appearance.

"I think Clinton is key," said firefighter Matt Sparling of Parma Heights, Ohio. "He's got an amazing way of keeping it simple." Springsteen, he added, helps draw the crowd.

As Ohio officials opened the event, some in the crowd bellowed "Bruuuuce" ? a standard fan shout-out to the musical legend.

Clinton, too, reveled in the chance to serve as Springsteen's opening act.

"I am qualified because I was born in the U.S.A. and unlike one of the candidates for president, I keep all my money here," Clinton said, referring both to one of the rocker's classic songs and Romney's overseas financial holdings.

Polls show Obama with a lead in Ohio, but Romney has made gains following his strong performance at the first presidential debate.

Each candidate has struggled to connect with white, working-class voters, in Ohio and elsewhere.

Nationally, Romney holds a strong edge among white voters with jobs and no college degree. But his advantage is narrower in union-heavy Ohio. A recent NBC News/Wall Street Journal/Marist poll showed Romney ahead 51 percent to 44 percent among likely noncollege, white voters.

Those heavily-courted voters backed Republicans in the past two elections.

In 2004 in Ohio, 55 percent of white voters without a college education voted for Republican George W. Bush and 44 percent voted for Democrat John Kerry. Four years ago, they voted for Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., over Obama 54 percent to 44 percent.

This time around, Obama's team sees opportunities to increase its levels of support.

The campaign has blanketed the state with television advertisements portraying Romney as a corporate raider who moved manufacturing jobs overseas. The state's 7.2 percent unemployment rate is more than a half-point lower than the national average. And the auto bailout is credited with saving thousands of jobs in the state.

"I'm thankful GM is still making cars," said Springsteen, whose songs often reflect the stories and values of the people who work in places like auto factories. "What else would I write about?"

Clinton stayed in Ohio on Thursday for another campaign rally, while Springsteen headed to Ames, Iowa, for a second appearance on Obama's behalf.

In addition to that stellar duo, Obama is relying on Vice President Joe Biden to rally support among white working-class voters. Biden, raised in a middle-class family from Scranton, Pa., has been a frequent visitor to Ohio. He's scheduled to make a three-day swing through the state next week.

Romney has also relied on his running mate for help in Ohio. Rep. Paul Ryan, a Wisconsin native, has put his Midwestern sensibilities to use, dropping by college football tailgates and a Cleveland Browns practice. Ryan is due back in Ohio on Saturday.

Springsteen, an avid supporter of Obama in 2008, had planned to sit out this election. He never explained exactly what changed his mind in the campaign's closing weeks, saying only that he believes Obama understands the struggles of "everyday citizens."

The rocker kept his comments brief during a six-song set, which included "Youngstown", a song about the economic woes of the Ohio city. Seeking to hew a bit more closely to Obama's re-election message of shared prosperity, he also played a newer song that has become a staple at the president's campaign rallies.

"Wherever this flag is flown," Springsteen sang. "We take care of our own."

___

Associated Press writer John Seewer in Parma and AP Deputy Director of Polling Jennifer Agiesta in Washington contributed to this report.

___

Follow Julie Pace at http://twitter.com/jpaceDC

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/stellar-duo-target-ohios-working-class-obama-205956279.html

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Representatives of the Armenian and Turkish civil society to come ...

On October 22-23, 2012, more than 50 representatives of the Armenian and Turkish civil society and expert communities will come together at a conference in Istanbul to discuss the role of non-state actors in promoting Armenia-Turkey relations.

The conference is organized as part of the ?Support to Armenia-Turkey Rapprochement? (SATR) project, funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and implemented by the Eurasia Partnership Foundation, Yerevan Press Club, International Center for Human Development, and Union of Manufacturers and Businessmen (Employers) of Armenia. Key Turkish partners for the project include the Global Political Trends Center, the Turkish-Armenian the Business Development Council, Anadolu K?lt?r, the GAYA Research Institute, the Media and Communications Department of Izmir University of Economics, Toplum G?n?ll?leri Vakfi, the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation, and the Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey.

The conference will summarize the outputs, achievements, and lessons learned during the two years of the Support to Armenia-Turkey Rapprochement Project implementation, as well as present an opportunity to discuss strategies for the road ahead for non-state actors in promoting Armenia-Turkey relations.

USAID and its partner organizations support Armenia-Turkey rapprochement by facilitating engagement between civil society groups, establishment and development of business partnerships and regional professional networks, and enhanced understanding between the people, for peace and economic integration in the region.

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Source: http://www.armradio.am/en/2012/10/19/representatives-of-the-armenian-and-turkish-civil-society-to-come-together-at-a-conference-in-istanbul/

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Are You Ready for DECA? | Minnesota School of Business Blog

Last year, it attracted more than 200 people, brought students? career-readiness skills up a notch, and it?s back again by popular demand.

Students attending Globe University and Minnesota School of Business, mark your calendars on Friday, November 2, 2012 for the 2nd Annual Elk River DECA Invitational!

The invitational is designed to help students increase their skill level with presenting, working on a team, critical thinking and more.? An individual can sign up to compete in one or many of the following areas/events:

Case Studies:

You receive a case study from your specific focus to review and have 30 minutes to prepare a presentation on how you would develop solutions to the problems presented in the case study.

• Business to Business Marketing (Team)
• Business Ethics (Team)
• Marketing Management (Individual)
• Sales Management (Individual)
• HR Management (Individual)

Business Simulations:

You receive a business simulation, which you need to present through role-play and then complete a comprehensive exam on your focus area.

• Accounting (Individual)
• Retail Management (Individual)

Any student is encouraged to sign up to compete in the invitational?no matter what program they are enrolled in.? Students in the veterinary technology field, medical assisting program or even information technology can benefit from participating in the event!

?Employers are interested in people who have great soft skills,? says Elk River Business Program Chair Leslie Nicol.? ?So anyone who would like to increase their soft skills should sign up for an event.?

There?s more to the invitational than just increasing your career-readiness though.? The event is a great opportunity to network with local business leaders who will act as judges, along with students from several different campuses across Minnesota.?

?I participated in the event last fall,? said criminal justice student Maggie Scheel. ?It was my first DECA competition and I took so much away from it that I continued on to other competitions. Every student can benefit from the experience.?

If you are a current Minnesota School of Business or Globe University student who would like to participate in the event, please email DECA Advisor, Leslie Nicol at lnicol@msbcollege.edu

If you are a local business leader who would like to serve as a judge, please contact Leslie as well.?

Source: http://blogs.msbcollege.edu/2012/10/08/are-you-ready-for-deca/

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What to Know About Affiliate Marketing Programs | Content for Reprint

Author: Mike Christie | Total views: 99 Comments: 0
Word Count: 737 Date: Sun, 7 Oct 2012 3:43 PM

Affiliate marketing programs have allowed many people to earn income online in the comfort and security of their own home. For many, this is like a dream come true - Making money without having to leave home. No big upfront investment of money or equipment. No need to inventory or ship products. As far as new business opportunities go for people who want to earn income online, it really doesn't get any better than affiliate marketing .

The great thing about affiliate marketing is that you can do it both part time and full time, and the types of products and services being offered range from beauty products to electronic devices. So how do you know what is best for you and your lifestyle? Here are some general rules on affiliate marketing programs that you need to know. They will show you how to choose the right one and how to make the venture successful.

Deciding on the Right Affiliate Marketing Program

The first rule is to work with a legitimate, well known company in the affiliate marketing industry. It can be very difficult to find the right one because when you try to research this on the internet, you can get bombarded with all kinds of outrageous promises. Some companies that offer affiliate marketing services are not bona fide and you should be on alert. You need to do some your homework and make sure the company will follow through on all of the commitments they make in their marketing materials. Don't jump at the first company to make an offer in helping you to get started. Take your time, be selective, and go with the firm that offers the best package, support, and reputation for honesty.

Choosing a product or products is also very important. It is important that you believe and use the product or service that you are selling. You cannot very easily promote a product without truly understanding it from the user's perspective. Get behind the wheel and drive it first if you plan on selling it.

You also need to choose a product that has the potential to sell well. You can personally be passionate about a product and use it yourself, but make sure that it has broad appeal and can be sold to many people rather than a few. Selling to a very narrow market in terms of numbers can be a challenging in that you may not see enough sales to cover your marketing costs. It costs the same amount of money to place an ad for a product with broad appeal as it does a narrow one, so make sure that your product can appeal to a large number of consumers.

Setting up an Affiliate Marketing Site

Most affiliate marketing programs require that one set up a website, although there are many products and services that can be sold offline as well. Fortunately, it is not hard to set up a blog or website for free or at low cost. Web hosts such as Wordpress, Blogger, and Weebly enable one to set up a good looking site free of charge. Furthermore, these sites are easy to work with, so even a person without technical know-how can set up an appealing, well designed site.

However, one will then need to be willing to learn the basics of website optimization in order to promote the site online. This is where you are going to want to spend some money and hire an expert to help. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is critical to the success of your online business, and is a process that requires time and expertise to do effectively. There are some very talented folks in the business that can do this for you for not a lot of money, which allows you to work on the things you know and are good at.

Affiliate marketing can be a good way to earn income online. There are many businesses that are willing to pay affiliates a generous commission for their services. However, one should choose a product and company only after doing research and then be willing to work hard promoting the merchandise in question. The good news is that with hard work, perseverance and wise planning, a person can successfully earn a living while working from home.

Michael Christie owns http://www.CashflowAnimal.comnwhere popular home business ideas and opportunities are testednrigorously to find out what works and what doesn't. Visitntoday for more info or check out our #1 work-at-home program at:nhttp://www.PlugInProfitSite.com/main-33775n

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Chavez supporters party on anticipated win in Venezuela vote

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UN strongly condemns Syrian shelling of Turkey

UNITED NATIONS (AP) ? The U.N. Security Council overcame deep divisions to unanimously approve a statement Thursday condemning Syria's shelling of a Turkish town that killed five women and children "in the strongest terms."

Council members managed to bridge differences between the strong statement demanded by the United States and its Western supporters and backed by their NATO ally Turkey, and a weaker text pushed by Russia, Syria's most important ally, after negotiations that began late Wednesday and continued through Thursday.

In the press statement, which needed approval from all 15 council members, the U.N.'s most powerful body said the incident "highlighted the grave impact the crisis in Syria has on the security of its neighbors and on regional peace and stability."

It also extended condolences to the families of the victims and to the government and people of Turkey.

The council demanded an immediate end to such violations of international law and called on the Syrian government "to fully respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its neighbors." Russia's agreement that the Syrian shelling violated international law was a key concession by Moscow.

The original Western-backed draft, proposed by Azerbaijan, condemned the shelling "in the strongest terms" and called it a violation of international law. Proposed Russian amendments never mentioned any breaches of international law, so the inclusion in the final text was a concession by Moscow.

Earlier Thursday, Syria's U.N. envoy said his government is not seeking any escalation of violence with Turkey and wants to maintain good neighborly relations.

Ambassador Bashar Ja'afari said the government hasn't apologized for the shelling from Syria because it is waiting for the outcome of an investigation on the source of the firing.

He read reporters a letter he delivered to the Security Council that sent Syria's "deepest condolences" to the families of the victims "and to the friendly and brotherly people of Turkey."

It urged Turkey and its other neighbors to "act wisely, rationally and responsibly" and to prevent cross-border infiltration of "terrorists and insurgents" and the smuggling of arms.

During Thursday's negotiations on the text when the outcome was still in doubt, U.S. Ambassador Susan Rice told reporters "we think it's very important that the council speak clearly and swiftly to condemn this shelling."

"This sort of cross-border military activity is very destabilizing and must be stopped," she said.

The border violence has added a dangerous new dimension to Syria's civil war, dragging Syria's neighbors deeper into a conflict that activists say has already killed 30,000 people since an uprising against President Bashar Assad's regime began in March 2011.

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon expressed alarm Thursday at the escalating border tensions and warned that the risks of regional conflict and the threat to international peace is increasing, U.N. spokesman Martin Nesirky said.

The U.N. chief called on all parties "to abandon the use of violence, exercise maximum restraint and exert all efforts to move toward a political solution," he said.

Nesirky said Lakhdar Brahimi, the U.N.-Arab League envoy, has been in contact with Turkish and Syrian officials "in order to encourage an easing of tensions."

Syria's Ja'afari said the "Syrian government is keenly interested in maintaining good neighborly relations with Turkey."

"The Syrian government is not seeking any escalation with any of its neighbors, including Turkey," he stressed.

But he said Syria wants to explain to the Turkish people that their government's policies supporting the opposition "are wrong and have been wrong since the beginning of the crisis."

Ja'afari said Turkey responded to the incident by launching artillery shells into Syria starting at 7 p.m. local time Wednesday and stopping at midnight. Turkish troops then resumed artillery shelling Thursday morning until 7 a.m., injuring two Syrian army officers, he said.

"Our forces practiced self-restraint and did not respond to this Turkish artillery shelling," Ja'afari said.

The Syrian ambassador said he delivered another letter to the Security Council seeking its condemnation of four suicide bombings in the country's largest city and commercial capital, Aleppo, which killed scores of innocent civilians and took place about the same time Wednesday as the cross-border shelling. He called them "suicide terrorist attacks."

Guatemala's U.N. Ambassador Gert Rosenthal, the current Security Council president who read the statement on Syria, said he is awaiting final approval from all council members on another press statement on the Aleppo attacks. The deadline for objections is 10:00 a.m. EDT Friday, he said.

Ja'afari urged the Turkish government to show "the same kind of sympathy" to the hundreds of innocent Syrian civilians killed in the suicide bombings as the Syrian government showed to the Turkish victims.

Some of the suicide bombers "came through the Turkish-Syrian border, so things should be balanced," he said.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/un-strongly-condemns-syrian-shelling-turkey-222615144.html

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Unforgeable quantum credit cards in sight

ScienceDaily (Oct. 4, 2012) ? A team of physicists at Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics, Harvard University, and California Institute of Technology develops a scheme for noise tolerant and yet safely encrypted quantum tokens.

Whoever has paid a hotel bill by credit card knows about the pending danger: given away the numbers of the card, the bank account and so on, an adversary might be able to forge a duplicate, take all the money from the account and ruin the person. On the other hand, as first acknowledged by Stephen Wiesner in 1983, nature provides ways to prevent forging: it is, for example, impossible to clone quantum information which is stored on a qubit. So why not use these features for the safe verification of quantum money? While the digits printed on a credit card are quite robust to the usual wear and tear of normal use in a wallet, its quantum information counterparts are generally quite challenged by noise, decoherence and operational imperfections. Therefore it is necessary to lower the requirements on the authentication process. A team of physicists at Max-Planck-Institute of Quantum Optics (Garching), Harvard University (Cambridge, USA), and California Institute of Technology (Pasadena, USA) has demonstrated that such protocols can be made tolerant to noise while ensuring rigorous security at the same time.

On the one hand, the properties of quantum information make it ideal for preventing any kind of forgery. On the other hand, everyday life conditions make it virtually impossible to perfectly store quantum bits of information due to the fragility of their physical carriers which could be individual nuclei. Researchers under the direction of Prof. Ignacio Cirac, director at MPQ and head of the Theory Division, and Prof. Mikhail Lukin (Harvard University) have focused on both improving storage quality and providing protocols which accommodate for such real-world imperfections. In order to do so, the verification process for such protocols must condone a certain amount of quantum bit failures. Relaxing the requirements for verification enhances the ability for a dishonest user to forge a quantum token. This interplay is addressed by the scientists by setting a tolerance threshold which admits a certain amount of noise while guaranteeing high security against fraudulent copies. As Dr. Fernando Pastawski (MPQ), who has worked on this topic in his doctoral thesis, was able to demonstrate, such thresholds are found for two kinds of "quantum token" protocols. In the first protocol, quantum information must be physically transferred back to the verifier who can then asses its validity directly. In contrast, the second protocol involves indirect verification by having the verifier communicate with the holder who locally measures constituent qubit memories.

In both approaches, the bank issues a token and sends it to the holder. The "identity" of the token can be encoded on photons transmitted via an optical fibre or on nuclear spins in a solid memory transferred to the holder. However, only the bank stores a full classical description of these quantum states.

In the approach denoted by "quantum ticket," the holder has to return the token to the bank or another trusted verifier for validation. The verifier is willing to tolerate a certain fraction of errors which should be enough to accommodate the imperfections associated with encoding, storage and decoding of individual quantum bits. The only information returned to the holder is whether the ticket has been accepted or rejected. Thus it is "consumed" and no longer available to the holder. The scientists show that through such an approach, both the likelihood of rejecting the token from an honest user and that of accepting a counterfeit can be made negligible.

The second approach is the "classical verification quantum ticket." In some cases it may be impossible that the quantum tickets are given back to the bank physically. Here the holder has to validate his quantum token remotely -- by answering challenge questions. The group considers a scheme where the quantum information is organized in blocks of qubit pairs. A non-revealing challenge question consists of requesting the holder to use a specific measurement basis for each block. By doing so, the holder is capable of providing a correct answer, but the token is consumed. This excludes the possibility for a dishonest user to cheat by answering complementary questions. As before, the given tolerance threshold determines the number of correct answers that is necessary for the verification of the token. The block structure used for the tokens allows exponentially suppressing the undesired capability of a dishonest holder to answer two complementary questions while assuring a true holder's token will be authenticated with a very high probability.

For both protocols a realistic noise tolerance can be achieved. "We can deduce from theory that on average no more than 83% of the secret digits may be duplicated correctly by a counterfeiter. Under realistic conditions, we can assume that an honest participant should be able to recover 95% of the digits. If now the verifier sets the tolerance level to 90%, it will be almost impossible to accept fraudulent tokens or to reject an authentic holder," Dr. Pastawski explains.

The protocols could in principle be demonstrated by using single qubits, e.g. single photons which carry the information in their polarization state, or single nuclei where the quantum information is encoded in their spin state. "However, in order to reach the time scales necessary for relevant applications, good qubit memories are needed. We have recently achieved storage times of one second for single qubits at room temperature, which is a big step, but not yet sufficient," Fernando Pastawski concedes. The quantum token presented here could serve as a primitive to construct quantum money -- that can change hands several times -- or even quantum credit cards that are unforgeable and hence immune to fraudulent charges. "I expect to live to see such applications become commercially available. However quantum memory technology still needs to mature for such protocols to become viable," the scientist adds.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

---

Journal Reference:

1. F. Pastawski, N. Y. Yao, L. Jiang, M. D. Lukin, J. I. Cirac. Unforgeable noise-tolerant quantum tokens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012; 109 (40): 16079 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1203552109

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/matter_energy/physics/~3/hxQrdEUK3Ps/121004093040.htm

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Wall Street futures higher as retailers report

NEW YORK (AP) ? Stock futures are rising after some major U.S. retail chains reported September sales that topped expectations and a day before a crucial monthly jobs report.

Dow futures are up 59 points to 13,485. The broader S&P 500 futures are up 8 points to 1,452.40. Nasdaq futures are up 13 points to 2,821.25.

Investors are also awaiting news from the monthly policy meeting of the European Central Bank. The ECB left its main interest rate at the current record low of 0.75 percent.

In the U.S., the number of Americans seeking unemployment benefits rose to a seasonally adjusted 367,000, a level consistent with only modest hiring.

The Labor Department said Thursday that applications increased last week by 4,000 from the previous week's level of 363,000. The previous week was revised higher from an initial reading of 359,000.

Stocks across Europe were marginally higher ahead of ECB head Mario Draghi's news conference, which is being held in Slovenia, one of the euro's 17 countries.

Germany's DAX was up 0.1 percent at 7,326.12, while the CAC-40 in France was up 0.3 percent to 3,413.52. The FTSE 100 index of leading British shares was up 0.2 percent 5,831.78.

"Tomorrow's nonfarm payrolls are likely to be seen as the major event of the week for many investors," said Fawad Razaqzada, market strategist at GFT Markets. "Given the combination of low volumes and limited price action, many may simply elect to sit on their hands until then."

Draghi and the U.S. data are also containing activity in other markets. The euro was barely higher at $1.2939 while the benchmark New York oil price was up 28 cents at $88.42 a barrel. The oil price fell $3.75, or 4.1 percent, on Wednesday, its biggest decline since May 4 amid concerns over the global economy.

Earlier in Asia, Japan's Nikkei 225 rose 0.9 percent to close at 8,824.59 while Hong Kong's Hang Seng rose nearly 0.1 percent to 20,907.95. Chinese markets remained on holiday.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/wall-street-futures-higher-retailers-report-130627735--finance.html

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CBS claims ratings win for 1st week of TV season

NEW YORK (AP) ? CBS is off to a rosy start as the 2012-13 season logs its first week.

That network claimed a solid lead in total prime-time viewers, took 10 of the top 20 program slots, and had the two most-watched series premieres.

CBS' new period-piece drama, "Vegas," debuted in sixth place, while its contemporary Sherlock Holmes whodunit, "Elementary," premiered in 10th place, according to Nielsen Co. figures released Tuesday.

ABC's "Last Resort" was the third-highest-premiering series, ranked in 32nd place.

NBC's "Sunday Night Football" was No. 1 in the rankings, but CBS' "NCIS" was second for the week, "NCIS: Los Angeles" was fourth and "Big Bang Theory" was fifth.

NBC had some good news, too. In the important 18-to-49 demographic, NBC vaulted from fourth-place for the 2011 premiere week to first-place last week.

NBC's audience in that audience category increased by 12 percent year to year ? the only network to see an increase. It was NBC's highest-rated premiere week in that demo since 2008.

Overall last week in total viewers, CBS scored 10.69 million (6.8 rating, 11 share), while runner-up ABC had 8.33 million (5.4 rating, 9 share). NBC averaged 8.19 million (5.2 rating, 8 share), Fox had 6.90 million (4,2 rating, 7 share), ION Television had 920,000 (0.6 rating, 1 share) and the CW had 680,000 (0.5 rating, 1 share).

Among the Spanish-language networks, Univision led with 3.54 million viewers (1.9 rating, 3 share). Telemundo had 1.20 million (0.6 rating, 1 share), TeleFutura had 630,000 (0.3 rating, 1 share), Estrella had 230,000 and Azteca had 120,000 (both 0.1 rating, 0 share).

NBC's "Nightly News" topped the evening newscasts, as it had for the previous 158 weeks. But ABC's "World News" was nipping at its heels, even beating "Nightly News" on Tuesday and Friday. For the week, "World News" was only 42,000 viewers behind "Nightly News" ? the smallest gap since September 2009, when the ABC newscast most recently claimed first place.

Overall, "Nightly News" led with 7.430 million viewers (5.1 household rating, 10 share), while "World News" was close behind with 7.388 million (5.1 rating, 10 share). "Nightly News" anchor Brian Williams was off from Wednesday through Friday, with Savannah Guthrie anchoring in his absence. "World News" anchor Diane Sawyer was off Thursday, when George Stephanopoulos substituted, and Friday, when David Muir sat in.

Third-place "CBS Evening News" had 6.15 million viewers (4.2 rating, 9 share).

A ratings point represents 1,147,000 households, or 1 percent of the nation's estimated 114.7 million TV homes. The share is the percentage of in-use televisions tuned to a given show.

For the week of Sept. 24-30, the top 10 shows, their networks and viewerships: Sunday Night Football: NY Giants at Philadelphia, NBC, 22.77 million; "NCIS," CBS, 20.48 million; "Sunday Night NFL Pre-Kick," NBC, 17.05 million; "NCIS: Los Angeles," CBS, 16.74 million; "The Big Bang Theory," CBS, 15.66 million; "Vegas," CBS, 14.85 million; "Modern Family," ABC, 14.44 million; "Person of Interest," CBS, 14.28 million; "Dancing with the Stars," ABC, 14.11 million; "Elementary," CBS, 13.41 million.

___

ABC is owned by The Walt Disney Co.; CBS is owned by CBS Corp.; CW is a joint venture of Warner Bros. Entertainment and CBS Corp.; Fox is a unit of News Corp.; NBC and Telemundo are owned by Comcast Corp.; ION Television is owned by ION Media Networks; TeleFutura is a division of Univision; Azteca America is a wholly owned subsidiary of TV Azteca S.A. de C.V.

___

Online:

http://www.nielsen.com

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/4e67281c3f754d0696fbfdee0f3f1469/Article_2012-10-02-Nielsens/id-aea385fe8eef46a1ac28026bef7b966d

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Israeli budget rifts could lead to early polls

JERUSALEM (AP) ? Israel's prime minister held the prospect of early elections over the heads of his coalition partners Tuesday, opening a drive to get his budget approved, a campaign that could have foreign policy implications.

Benjamin Netanyahu's 2013 budget is expected to include deep cuts in some of the social programs favored by some coalition parties.

If he is unable to persuade his partners to back the budget, Netanyahu could be forced to call elections early next year instead of at the formal end of his term next October.

Threatening to call elections is an almost yearly ritual around the time the budget comes up for approval. An election campaign could sideline other key matters, including the already frozen Israeli-Palestinian peace talks and Israel's drive against Iran's suspect nuclear program.

Israeli media reported that Netanyahu would announce his decision when parliament returns from its summer recess in two weeks.

Opinion polls forecast an easy election win for Netanyahu and his mostly hard-line partners, but it's unclear where Netanyahu stands. If he opts for his government serving its full term ? that would make this government the longest-lasting in Israel's history.

Political scientist Avraham Diskin said Netanyahu could be eager to stretch his term, to be able to claim the title of Israel's longest-serving government.

"He's not very interested in elections," Diskin said, "but he isn't afraid of elections."

Israeli governments rarely serve their full four-year terms, as disagreements among coalition partners usually force early elections. Netanyahu took power in March 2009 after such an early election, potentially giving him a term of four years and seven months.

Netanyahu suggested in interviews to Israeli media over the weekend that he was eager to pass a budget but would head to the polls if his coalition partners reject it. If the parliament rejects a budget, that amounts to a vote of no confidence under Israeli law, requiring the prime minister and his Cabinet to resign.

"I hope we will be able to pass a responsible budget. It depends not only on me but also on the coalition partners," Netanyahu told Israeli TV Channel 2 in an interview recorded Friday and broadcast Saturday.

Few of Netanyahu's coalition members ? a mix of mostly hard-line religious and secular parties ? seem interested in rushing to the polls. According to opinion polls, none would make strong gains.

According to a survey in the Haaretz newspaper last week, if elections were held now, Netanyahu's Likud Party would win 27 seats in the 120-member parliament, putting him far ahead of any other party.

Netanyahu would still need to cobble together a majority coalition.

According to the poll, he could form another government with the Jewish religious and nationalist parties currently in his coalition. The poll indicated that dovish and Arab parties now in the opposition would likely remain a minority. The poll surveyed 507 people and had a margin of error of 4.2 percentage points.

Even so, events could deter Netanyahu from rushing into an election campaign. The main effect could be to hobble his campaign against Iran.

Israel believes Iran is developing nuclear weapons. Netanyahu has repeatedly indicated Israel could attack Iran if it concludes that international sanctions and diplomatic pressure have failed.

Netanyahu last week estimated that the world has until next summer to stop Iran before it can build a nuclear bomb. Iran says its nuclear program is for peaceful purposes.

In the TV interview, Netanyahu brushed off suggestions that he might time a strike ahead of elections to give himself an electoral boost.

Similar accusations were leveled in 1981 at Prime Minister Menachem Begin, who launched a successful strike on an Iraqi nuclear reactor weeks before elections, which he went on to win.

Opinion polls have shown most Israelis would oppose a unilateral attack on Iran, favoring coordination with the U.S. instead.

An Israeli official said Netanyahu began meetings with coalition partners on Tuesday. He spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to discuss ongoing coalition deliberations with reporters.

Netanyahu met with Eli Yishai, head of the ultra-Orthodox Shas Party, which has a largely low-income constituency and is expected to oppose cuts in social spending.

"If you ask me, elections will likely be in February," Yishai told Israel Radio after his meeting.

Ofir Akunis of Netanyahu's Likud Party told Army Radio that Netanyahu has a month to decide.

"If by the end of the month we don't get a draft formula that allows the passing of a responsible budget for the year 2013, there will be no choice but to bring forward the elections," he said.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/israeli-budget-rifts-could-lead-early-polls-112012781.html

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Rockford For Sale By Owner: OPEN HOUSE SUN 10/7, 1-3PM - recent

Rockford For Sale By Owner provides world-wide advertising for homes sold by owner in Rockford, Illinois and the counties of Winnebago, Boone, Ogle and Stephenson along with the Chicago suburbs, northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin. Use the Rockford FSBO blog to keep track of all recent changes to the site.

Source: http://rockfordfsbo.blogspot.com/2012/10/open-house-sun-107-1-3pm-rockford-2.html

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New technologies advance livestock genomics for agricultural and biomedical uses

Public release date: 1-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Becky Beyers
bbeyers@umn.edu
612-626-5754
University of Minnesota

MINNEAPOLIS / ST. PAUL (10/01/2012) New genome editing technologies developed at the University of Minnesota for use on livestock will allow scientists to learn more about human diseases.

The genomic technique, known as TALENS, is described in a report published today in the scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The technique is cheaper and faster than previous technologies that allow scientists to genetically modify livestock animals; the animals are used to learn more about human diseases, which in turn can help researchers develop cures. U of M scientists and their collaborators used the technique to develop a swine model of cardiovascular disease in the diabetes-prone Ossabaw miniature pig.

The TALENS technique also can be used in agriculture, the paper notes, allowing livestock breeders to encourage or discourage a particular trait. ?

"Our efforts continue a long tradition of responsible animal breeding and research for the betterment of mankind," said Scott Fahrenkrug, an associate professor of animal science at the university and lead author of the PNAS paper. ??

Collaborators on the paper are from Texas A&M, the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh and Recombinetics, a Twin Cities-based company created in 2009 to commercialize the techniques created at the University of Minnesota. The group's work and the TALENS technique also recently were highlighted in the journal Nature. ?

"This work embodies the effective translation of university research into meaningful applications that support Minnesota business," Fahrenkrug said. "We are proud to produce positive social and economic outcomes."

###

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?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 1-Oct-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Becky Beyers
bbeyers@umn.edu
612-626-5754
University of Minnesota

MINNEAPOLIS / ST. PAUL (10/01/2012) New genome editing technologies developed at the University of Minnesota for use on livestock will allow scientists to learn more about human diseases.

The genomic technique, known as TALENS, is described in a report published today in the scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The technique is cheaper and faster than previous technologies that allow scientists to genetically modify livestock animals; the animals are used to learn more about human diseases, which in turn can help researchers develop cures. U of M scientists and their collaborators used the technique to develop a swine model of cardiovascular disease in the diabetes-prone Ossabaw miniature pig.

The TALENS technique also can be used in agriculture, the paper notes, allowing livestock breeders to encourage or discourage a particular trait. ?

"Our efforts continue a long tradition of responsible animal breeding and research for the betterment of mankind," said Scott Fahrenkrug, an associate professor of animal science at the university and lead author of the PNAS paper. ??

Collaborators on the paper are from Texas A&M, the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh and Recombinetics, a Twin Cities-based company created in 2009 to commercialize the techniques created at the University of Minnesota. The group's work and the TALENS technique also recently were highlighted in the journal Nature. ?

"This work embodies the effective translation of university research into meaningful applications that support Minnesota business," Fahrenkrug said. "We are proud to produce positive social and economic outcomes."

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-10/uom-nta100112.php

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Insanely Cute Photo of the Day (Little green footballs)

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Once-reclusive billionaire eyes power in Georgia

TBILISI (Reuters) - Until a year ago, few people in Georgia knew what billionaire businessman Bidzina Ivanishvili looked like.

The 56-year-old tycoon was best known in the former Soviet republic as a free-spending philanthropist with a spectacular home overlooking Tbilisi, and for keeping penguins, kangaroos and lemurs at a private zoo at another home outside the capital.

But he hated publicity and avoided photographers. When he bought Pablo Picasso's "Dora Maar au Chat" for $95.2 million in 2006, he did so anonymously, adding it to an art collection that includes works by Damien Hirst and Roy Lichtenstein.

All that changed last October when he announced he was entering politics, abandoning his privacy for what he says is a love of his homeland and a battle to oust a government he accuses of allowing the gap between rich and poor to widen.

"At the age of 56 it's hard to learn how to be a politician. I don't belong to myself. But the main thing is my country," he said in an interview this summer in his Tbilisi office.

Exit polls showed his Georgian Dream coalition beating President Mikheil Saakashvili's United National Movement in voting on party lists in an election in Monday, but uncertain of winning the race in individual constituencies.

"We will win it for sure," he told Reuters in an interview after the exit polls were published, although Saakashvili's party also claimed victory. "People won't be frustrated."

Ivanishvili made his fortune, estimated by Forbes magazine at $6.4 billion, mainly in Russia, with businesses ranging from banking to agricultural products after he started out selling computers.

He has distributed some of his money across the country of 4.5 million people with philanthropic gestures, particularly in his home village of Chorvila and nearby areas.

Residents say he has paved roads, built villagers new homes with water, electricity and gas, provided each household with 200 lari ($120) a month and given newlyweds $3,000.

BATTLES TO SHAKE OFF ACCUSATIONS

Critics have accused him of trying to win votes with his generosity, a charge he denies, and he has also dismissed suggestions that he could be a Russian stooge if he comes to power because of his ties with Georgia's former Soviet master.

Saakashvili has hinted he believes Ivanishvili is doing the bidding of Russian President Vladimir Putin, his bitter foe since a five-day war in 2008. Saakashvili said during the election campaign: "Those who thought they could carry out Putin's orders in our country will be very disappointed."

Ivanishvili says Saakashvili played the "Russian card" to draw attention away from Georgia's problems, and he has responded by selling his assets in Russia.

The tycoon set his sights months ago on becoming prime minister although he has said he would stay in the job for only two years before stepping aside for professional politicians.

He has already reshaped the political scene in Georgia, identifying voters' concerns about poverty and corruption, and posing a genuine challenge for Saakashvili after almost a decade in power since the "Rose Revolution" of 2003 that overthrew ex-Soviet rulers.

Ivanishvili has promised to boost the economy by reducing bureaucratic controls, ending monopolies and taking steps to woo foreign investors. He says he will improve health care and agriculture, make the justice system more independent and ensure the tax and customs departments are more transparent.

Making clear that he is prepared to help fire up the economy by again dipping in to his personal fortune, he says an investment bank he owns will offer loans at special rates.

Critics say his program lacks detail and that he could struggle to hold together a coalition that may be more united by hostility towards Saakashvili than a shared political vision.

Like Saakashvili, he wants Georgia to join NATO and the European Union. But he believes he would be better than Saakashvili at building bridges with Russia, with which diplomatic ties have been frozen since a five-day war in 2008 over the breakaway regions of Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

Stability in the area is vital for Western governments as Georgia is an important transit route for gas from the Caspian Sea to Europe that would reduce Europe's reliance on Russia.

(Writing by Timothy Heritage; Editing by Michael Roddy)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/profile-once-reclusive-billionaire-eyes-power-georgia-213248360.html

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